Wrist painFingers are a necessary sign of any common pathology in which the structural components of these joints are damaged.First of all, the pain in the area of these joints can be associated with different autoimmic diseases (Systemic red gloss, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, etc.) In which immune factors causes damage to their own articulated tissues.
The next main reason that can runpainIn the joints of the fingers can be injuries (bruises, dislocations, bone breaks, ligaments).The probity in these joints can also be caused by degenerative changes that occur in their artistic tissues.This can often be viewed with osteoarthritis.
Anatomy of the wrist hands
All hands of arms are common to divide into the following groups:
- Wrist joint;
- wrist joints;
- Carpal sampling compounds;
- Interpencial compounds;
- Parlesemonal-Falan joints;
- Interfalanx compounds.
Wrist joint
Wrist joint forms the bones of proximal bones (upper) numerous wrists (Trihedral, semi -moon, scaphoid bones) and distal areas of radiation and elbow bones.The elbow bone is not directly associated with the bones of the wrist, but with the help of distal (Lower) articulated disk.This structure separates the hollow joint of the joint from the distal cavity (Lower) Tile combination.
Wrist joints
The joints of the wrist represent three types of compounds.The first form includes those compounds located between the bones of the upper (Scaphoid, semi -moon, triedral, peas) or lower row (Hook-shaped hook, head, trapezoidal, trapping of bones).These joints are called interchangen joints.According to the second type, so-iscoled middle joint is ranked.This wrist has a s-shaped shape and is formed due to the connection of the upper and lower row of wrist.The third species involves a pea bone combat.Through this compound, the triedral bone is connected to the pea bone.
Capacial penalty joints
Couplings Carpal panels connect the bones of the wrist and metacarpage bones.These joints form a contact of proximal ends (basis) Metacarpal bones and distal parts of carpal bones belonging to the second row.The carpal pattern compounds include two main connected.The first is a gambling wrist of the thumb.It is formed to link the first metacar bone with bone traps.
Other joints are common compounds carpal paths for the rest of the carpal-priypy compounds between the second, third, fourth, fifth metallic bones and trapezoidal, main bones, and, partly, part to capture bones.The flush of the thumb carpal pattern is separated from the total spotting carpal samples.That are more active movements possible in this, compared to other carpal trails (who are involved in a general combination of carpal path) which are considered sedentary.Couplings Carpal panel reinforced with strong articulated capsules, as well as ligaments (Back and palmal ligaments).
Interpretal joints
The side surfaces of another, third, fourth and fifth metacarpage bones, when they contacted each other, interprex compound forms.These joints have separate articulated capsules, which are approaching the articulated capsules of the carpal trail, are associated with them.In addition to the capsule, these joints have a ligamentary apparatus that represent crossener's metacarpage ligaments, as well as the rear and palmar inflammation ligaments.Interpener compounds are attributed to seated joints of the arm, because the hinged surfaces of the bones that make these compounds have a flat shape.
Parleen-Phalanx compounds
Parleus-Phalanx compounds are compounds between distal (lower) with the ends of metacarpal bones and proximal (upper) Areas of the first phalang of fingers of hand.Each finger of the upper limbs has its own metacar component joint joints.So, there are five metacar phonics on each edge on each hand.
Interfalanx joints
Interpofalanx joints form a combination of neighboring phalanges of each finger.Great (first) Finger has only one interferranged compound, because this finger has only two false (Proximal and distal).The rest of the fingers of each hand have two interethnic wrists.
The first of them is localized between the first (proximal) and others (average) Fingers and called proximal phalanges (upper) Interfalang joint.Another forms a relationship between average (second) and last (distalan) Fingers for fingers.Other interfalangian compounds are called distal interferenced compounds.Interfalanx compounds are strengthened by collateral and palm ligaments.These compounds belong to blocks, whose movements are possible only around the frontal plane (Fight and bending).
What structures can become inflamed in the joints of your hands?
Inflammation is a typical pathological process characteristic of these tissues and bodies damaged for any reason.It is worth remembering that in most cases any disease (For example, gout, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.) or trauma that damages arm joints into one degree or other, affect not only articulated, but also periaster (nerves, muscles, tendons, subcutaneous fat, leather) Structures.
The following articulated structures can become inflamed in hand joints:
- articulated cartilage;
- Squeezing bone tissue;
- Shared capsule;
- Common ligaments.
Causes of pain in the joints of arm and fingers
The main proportion between the reasons causing the pain in the joints of the arm and fingers occupy mechanical injuries (Fractures, dislocations, bruises, etc.) and system autoimmune diseases (Rheumatoid arthritis, system lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, etc.).In addition to these causes, hand joint pain can cause diseases associated with metabolic disorders (For example, gout, osteoarthrosis).
There are the following main causes that cause the pain in the joints of the arm and fingers:
- bruising arms and fingers;
- brush bone fracture;
- brush dislocations;
- ligament ligament ligaments;
- rheumatoid arthritis;
- Kinbek disease;
- Reactive arthritis;
- gout;
- psoriatic arthritis;
- sinovitis;
- osteoarthrosis;
- The red lupus system.
Bruise brushes and fingers
Modrica is one of the species of closed injuries, in which there is damage to soft tissues (Muscles, tendons, nerves, leather) And in the place there is no wound in which the main action of the traumatic factor is directed.Modrice soft tissues and fingers are very rarely in isolation (separately) From the bruise of the wrists of the arm and fingers.Therefore, they are with this type of injury, mixed symptoms that indicate damage to the hand joints, and the lesion of periarticular (Peri -human) Fabrics.Brushes brushes and fingers are usually found when they fall on hand, damage it to a blunt object, with compression or pinch.
Often, bruising cystic zones lead to damage to the main troops of the middle, radial, lact of nerve (who innervates the area of arms and fingers), which is immediately manifested by loss of skin sensitivity, and in some cases even disappearances of motor fingers.
The inflammatory edema of the articulated and peri -hman structure is developing as a result of the spread of numerous vessels to supply blood.This edema is one of the reactions of inflammation that occurs in response to tissue damage during bruises.
Brush bone fracture
Often, the cause of pain in the joints of the hand can be different fractures of its bones, because these bones are directly registered in the formation of articulated surfaces.Depending on the anatomical position of the damaged bone, all fractures are divided into three main groups.The first group includes the fractures of the wrist bones.Others includes fractures of pechenaret metacarpal bones.The third group includes the fractures of the bones of the phalan fingers.
The most common places of damage in the carpal zone brush are semi -mon and scaphoid bones.The fracture of these bones occur during the fall of the brush and is followed by pain in the area of joints and medium joints.Siroma pain can also be observed in the places of the anatomical localization of these bones.
The most common fracture of metacarphal bones is a fracture base of the first metacarpal bone (one that is attached to the falang of the thumb bone).With this injury, edema and painfulness appear in the base zone of the first metatarsal bone, as well as in that part of the carpal pattern joint, which is directly nearby.The thumb with such breakage is shortened, bent and leads to your hand palm.His movements are limited.
The fractures of the brush brush are accompanied by deformation, reducing the length of the fingers, the loss of their function, sharp pain and swelling in their interface joints and peri -human tissues.With a fracture of phalanvian fingers with moving bone fragments, palpations (on palpation) You can identify their bulging on the palmary surface of the brush, and on the back, on the opposite, hole or insulation.These fragments are usually mobile, nearby, you can often detect subcutaneous bleeding (Hematomas).
Brush dislocation
Dislocation is a pathological condition in which areas of bones that make up any associate their anatomical boundaries, which, which is reflected in the full or partial loss of the function of this compound.In addition to the weakened joint function during dislocations, heavy pain in affected joint, swelling and local temperature rise were also found.During the dislocation of the brush, the phenomenon of swelling is explained not only by the presence of inflammation in the injured part of the tissues, as well as the structures of the joint, but also with a protrusion.
Most common types of brush dislocations
| DISLOCATION NAME | Dislocation mechanism | What wrist is amazed? |
| Real brush dislocation | Articulated surfaces of the joint bone are displaced compared to the combination of the radial bone air surface to the palm of the hand or in the back of the hand. |
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| Perilunar dislocation | The bones of the wrist and the rest of the brush shifted in relation to noon and radial bones in the back of the brush. |
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| Bone dislocation | At the same time, the scaphoid bone shows the dislocation in radiation in parallel (In the same plane) to nearby wrist bones.Sometimes it can be switched to the palm side, that is, to switch to the palm of bone catch, less often on the same side of the trapezoid bone. |
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| Dislocation semi -mon | There is a slipping of half a mice in the direction of the palm, so the space in the place of this bone remains not busy.He gradually occupied his head with his bone, penetrating here from another row of bone of the wrist.This dislocation is a complication of self-regulation from the perilunar dislocation. |
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| Dislocation of the first metacarpic bone | The zorn surface of the base of the first metacarpal bone was shifted in relation to the hinged surface of capturing bones in the air side, up (proximal) And in the same plane with the bones of the wrist.So the thumb pulls a little back and toward wrist joints. |
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| DISLOCATION OF FING FANGING | There are dyslodium fingers in metacarpophalangyl joints and inter-phalan joints.On the first, common surface of the proximal fingerfoil (Along with the whole finger) shifts in relation to the articulated surface of metacarpal bones.With another, there is a shift between the bones of the phaland of the finger itself.There are usually of the dyslocations of the back and palm of phalanva fingers. |
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Damage to ligaments of the hand
League ligament, together with brush bruises, is attributed to closed traumatic harm.This pathology is mainly located with excessive extension, fingers in any direction.The main types of lesions of the bunch of brushes are their stretching and rupture.With the stretching in the damage zone, a slight re-purification and partial rupture on the fiber for connective tissue was observed.Along with the rupture of the ligaments, the entire ligament is divided into two endless ends.
The following main types of ruptures of ligaments brushes differ:
- Rupture of radial collateral joint ligament;
- Rupture of the elbow of the collateral ligament of the wrist;
- intercept ligament rupture;
- Rupture of the lateral ligaments of metacarphal phalant joints;
- Rupture of the side ligaments of interfalangin joints.
Rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis is a disease in which the human immune system damages their own body tissues.In other words, rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune pathology.This disease is also systemic because many tissues are affected with it (Muscles, joints, vessels, etc.) and organs (Heart, kidneys, lungs, etc.) in the body.
Despite the fact that rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic disease, to a greater extent are the joints, while the lesion of other tissues and bodies in the background.With this disease, almost all types of brush compounds can be affected (Hand walls, carpal trails, metacarpal-phalanx, inter-phalan wrists).Lesia is usually symmetrical (They.The same compounds are affected) On both hands, accompanied by swelling, pain in damaged joints.In the morning, during the bed of bed there is some stiffness in affected joints, which can last about 1 hour and then disappear without a trace.
Often often with rheumatic arthritis near affected brush joints (More often piano-falanx, inter-falan wrists) Rheumatoid nodes appear.They are a rounded formation located under the skin.On the brushes, these formations most often appear on the back.In palpation are thick, inactive, painless.The number of them can vary.
Kinbek disease
Kinbekova disease is a pathology in which semi-ment carpal bone brush is affected.The disease develops as a result of long-term physical overload of palms of palms.It usually appears in construction experts - plasters, mason, carpenters, etc.Excessive physical activity of palms of palms most commonly of this bone, as it occupies the central position in the wrist joint.Most often, during the disease of Kinbek, a brush of one hand is affected, and as a rule, main (The right hand hand hand is damaged, left handed hand damaged).
Reactive arthritis
Reactive arthritis is the pathology of the immunopathological genesis in which your own immune system attacks different joints in the body, which is why autoimmune inflammation is developed.Unlike other autoimmune diseases (For example, rheumatoid arthritis, system lupus erythematosus, in which it is assumed by infectious origin) In reactive arthritis, a clear relationship between infection is monitored (and, especially intestinal or urogenital) and the development of common lesions.
Also, with this pathology, lymph nodes can increase and fever appear.When reactive arthritis transitions to chronic shape, patients may indicate signs of kidney disease, heart and muscle atrophy, burrisitis may appear (Inflammation of periodic bags), Tenddaginiti (Inflammation of the vagina tendon) and others.
Giht
Gout is a disease based on the development of uracric acid in the body and its disposal in the form of salt in the joints.Uralgic acid is the end product of the metabolic base of Purine and Piriminid.They serve as a basis for building DNA and RNA molecules, some energy formation (Adenosine Triposphate, adenosine monophosphate, etc.) and vitamins.
The pain with gout is mainly occurring in small joints of the lower and upper extremities.Moreover, in 50% of all clinical cases, the disease begins with the first plus with the wrist of the legs.On their hands, as a rule, finger connections were influenced, less often - bright joints.The voice usually damages one or more joints on a single-shit, sometimes the compounds of other limbs are involved in the inflammatory process.
Psoriatic arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis is a pathology in which different joints are inflamed in the background of psoriasis.The development of psoriasis is based on breaking interactions between immune cells and skin cells as a result in the body (and especially in the skin) There are autoimmune reactions that cause inflammation.
Sinovis
Sinovitis is an inflammation of the sinum husk joints, accompanied by damage to his tissues and the accumulation of pathological fluid in affected joints.Sinovitis is not a separate disease, it is already working as a complication of other diseases.It can occur with endocrine, allergy, infectious, autoimmic pathologies, brushes, etc.
Osteoartost
Osteoarthritis is a disease in which there is violation of the process of forming normal cartilage tissue in various joints.These processes are violated under the influence of certain external and internal predisposed factors.Can be constant wrist injuries, extended physical activity (At work, in everyday life, during sports), heredity, other common diseases, etc.
Finger joints are painful with this pathology, because in periarticular (Peri -human) The tissues occur inflammation, the nerves are affected.The characteristic characteristic of osteoarthritis is connecting pain physical activity.The probity in the joints generally appears on and / or after high physical overload and disappears at rest or after vacation.
Red Lupus system
System Lupus Eritematosus is an autoimmune pathology, in which the production of the immune system of autoimune antibodies is in the human body, they attack various cell structures and tissues.Specifically, with this, production of thus - the corrected antibodies against warforing damage to the cellular core and DNA and RNA molecules.With red lupus, various fabrics and organs are affected - leather, containers, heart, pleura, pericardium, kidneys, joints, etc.
Systemic red lupus is constantly connected to other additional characters - weakness, weight loss, fever (Improving body temperature).However, special symptoms are of the utmost importance, without which the diagnosis of the red lupus is not made.These special characters are photodermatitis (skin inflammation under the influence of sunlight), discoid rash (Look on the skin door, chest red pages), lupoid butterfly (The appearance of red skin stains in the nose), erosion in oral cavity, kidney damage (Glomerulonephritis), assholes (Inflammation of serous membranes) and others.
The diagnosis of the cause of pain pain
Hands in pain in the joints are dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of the causes of pain, mostly traumatologists and a cultivation doctor.To diagnose such reasons, these doctors generally use clinical (Collection of anamnesis, external inspection, palpation, etc.), radial (Radiography, calculated tomography) and laboratory (General blood test, biochemical blood test, etc.) Research methods.
Depending on the cause of pain in the hand joints, all diagnostics can be divided into the following sections:
- Diagnosis of traumatic brush injuries (bruises, dislocations, fractures, ligaments);
- Diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis;
- Diagnosis of Kinbekje disease;
- Diagnosis of reactive arthritis;
- diagnosis of gout;
- Diagnosis of psorian arthritis;
- Synovitis diagnosis;
- Osteoarthrosis diagnosis;
- Diagnosis of system lupus erythematosus.
Diagnosis of traumatic brushes
When brush injuries, you should contact the traumatologist.Main diagnosis methods used in medical practice to identify traumatic damage to brush (Fractures, Dislocations, Ligaments, Modrice), are the external overview, anamnesis, research methods (Radiography, calculated tomography).
A collection of anamnestic data allows the doctor to identify incidents that are guided or may lead to brush injury.The history of anamnesis is also used to clarify symptoms that bother the patient.During the external exam on the brushes, it is possible to detect swelling, hematomas, its deformation, a constraint of common mobility.With the help of palpation, the doctor reveals the presence of pain, violation of the anatomical form of wrist, ligament damage.Ways of radiation research (Radiography, calculated tomography) They allow you to confirm the diagnosis, because during their use, mechanical damage to the anatomical brush formations clearly visible.
Treatment of pathologies causing inflammation of the arm's wrists
To treat the causes of pain in the joints and fingers, doctors, first of all, prescribe various drugs (Anti -infalmatory, painkillers, anti -rhevetas drugs, etc.).In some cases they combine the use of these products by physiotherapy procedures.Traumatic brush damage is most often treated surgically or applied to the affected upper gypsum.
To ease the pain and mitigation of inflammation, the first help can be the use of an external NSAID.The drug selectively blocks COO-2 and works directly on the source of pain.It is quickly absorbed thanks to a special texture, leaves no traces of clothing, there is no pleasant odor.
Depending on the pathology that causes inflammation in the hand joints, all treatment can be divided into the following parts:
- Treatment of traumatic brush injuries (bruises, dislocations, fractures, ligaments);
- Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis;
- Treatment of the disease of Kinbek;
- Treatment of reactive arthritis;
- gout treatment;
- Treatment of psorias arthritis;
- Treatment of sinovitis;
- Treatment of osteoarthritis;
- Treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus.